Dr. Ratan Lal

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The health of the soil from which we grow crops like gold deteriorates over time. The 'soil scientist' working for the conservation of that soil, Dr. Ratan Lal has received this year's World Food Award. The अ 2.5 million award is the Nobel Prize in Agriculture. The first food award went to Dr. M. S. Swaminathan had received. Lal is now seventy-five, but his work has not stopped.

Their contribution in the field of food security is huge through soil health and soil protection. By improving soil health, they increased the income of small farmers. In his five decades of work on four continents, he taught farmers the techniques and mantras of soil conservation. 50 crore farmers benefited from it. Their work on food and nutrition security provided two billion people with safe food. They saved millions of hectares of natural tropical ecosystem. He has promised to give the entire prize money to soil research and food security. He also gave a very relevant response that the importance of soil was underlined by this award.

The topsoil contains about two to three per cent carbon but in Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi, Central India and some parts of the south it has come down to 0.2 to 0.5 per cent. This is due to the burning of crop residues. Lal Sutra says that crop yields are also reduced due to this. Crop production in India is half that of China and much lower than that of the United States due to poor soil health. Their model is to use less land and produce more food grains. According to him, large scale production can be achieved by using 30% less land and reducing fertilizer use by 50%. Lal is currently a professor at Ohio State University and was born in West Punjab. Due to partition, he came to Rajaund in Haryana with his family.

His father had a farm there. Lal was educated at Punjab Agricultural University. He later did his MSc from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Delhi. Then, in 1965, he moved to Ohio. There is a Ph.D. Soil conservation work in Australia and Nigeria. This 'singing soil' scientist has given a new direction to the world's agricultural sector.

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